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In March 2005, Google filed their patent that described their ranking system for documents on the internet. Their are 3 main elements to the Google search engine:
- Document locater
- History component
- Ranking component
Google uses a number of elements to determine the rank of a document that are listed below. must be remembered that a significant part of Google’s patent filing is to protect its search engine against search spam which is basically search optimisers trying to help their sites reach the top spot
Document inception date
When the document was created, first indexed, linked to or the date the domain was registered
Content updates/changes
Google looks at the the amount of content that was updated and the frequency for various parts of the document. It values content higher than navigation, javascript or advertising.
Query analysis
Google looks at the number of people that clicked on a document for a particular search result.
Link based criteria
Google looks at the links to the document and the growth of links over time.
Anchor text
The content and change of the anchor text of links.
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Traffic
The amount of traffic the site gets and the change in traffic over time.
User behaviour
The amount of time that the user stays on a site after clicking a link from Google
Domain related information
Google looks at the registration period, the changes to the domain record and nameserver.
Ranking history
The historical ranking of the page
User maintained/generated data
Number of bookmarks and change in the number of bookmarks over time.
Unique words, bigrams, phrases in anchor text
Content of the document, bigrams and phrases in anchor text.
Linkage of independent peers
Links from trusted sites, like Government and news services.
Document topic
The overall topic of a document and its topic change over time. A big change in topic could mean spam and all back links would become invalid.
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Links
Google Patent Filing 20050071741 
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